Conclusion
From
the foregoing, it is clear that introduction of indirect rule entailed the
'invention of tradition' and thereby led to the production of a new
social topography. Convinced that chiefs could play a crucial role in the
achievement of the colonial project, the British tried to portray them as
'natural leaders of communal societies untroubled by a plurality of
political ideologies, for whom consensus was an inherited state of mind rather
than an ideological weapon of social conflict' (Lonsdale 1989: 132). The
new consensus was precarious as it depended on the ability of the ruler to
satisfy demands that emanated from his society.
The
system of indirect rule was inherited by the post-colonial state. However, the
determination of the state to achieve its 'hegemonic project'
prompted a modification of the relations that existed between the state and
traditional authority. Evidence of this was the endeavour to convert the
latter into a parasite of the state. This was a cost-efficient method of
imposing the domination of the state over civil society. Preoccupied with this
goal, the governing class mistook indirect rule through traditional authority
as practised by the British as an indication of decision-making motivated
solely by the will of one political leader. The subjects of the various chiefs
seemingly acquiesced in this form of rule in the single-party state. However,
the advent of multi-party politics and the quest for 'Jacobin
democracy' has ushered in an era of dissent. The politicization of the
role of the chief by the state has led to a breakdown of the consensus on the
structured principle on which traditional authority was predicated. In most
societies, the continuous identification of the chief with the state is having
an analogous effect, the divestment of his power. And the emergence of
'moral pluralism', that signals an end to the unchallenged hegemony
of communal ideologies in these societies, is aiding and abetting this process.
Insofar as it satisfies consumer preferences and adheres to the principle of
supply and demand, it would not be questioned.
On
the whole, the colonial state ostensibly sought to justify indirect rule as an
efficient way of creating a Weberian state on a legal-rational basis. But
indirect rule in the post-colonial state has contributed to the generation of
the neo-patrimonial state that is the antithesis of the Weberian state. The
chiefs have been used as instruments to this end. Perhaps the current decline
in the status and authority of most chiefs in the North-West Province would be
arrested, if not reversed, with the advent of a liberal-democratic state in
Cameroon.
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