| Environmental integrity CBD, CCD Agenda21, DDHRE, DICED, FP, RD Intellectual property rights CBD, GATT, UPOV, WIPO, NLs Agenda21 Neighbouring rights RC, NLs Right to enter into legal agreements, such as contracts and covenants NLs Cultural property rights Unesco-CCP, Unesco-WHC, NLs Right to protection of folklore NLs Unesco-WIPO, Unesco-F Right to protection of cultural heritage Unesco-WHC, NLs Unesco-PICC Recognition of cultural landscapes Unesco-WHC Recognition of customary law and practice CBD, ILO169, NLs DDRIP Farmers’ rights FAO-IUPGR |
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| NOTES |
| CBD, Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) – 162 states parties as of 10 July 1996. CCD, UN Convention to Combat Desertification in Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa (1994) — CDW, UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979) – 138 states parties as of 31 December 1994. CERD, UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination (1966) – 142 states parties as of 31 December 1994. CG, UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948) – 116 state parties as of 31 December 1994. CRC, UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1994) – 168 states parties as of 31 December 1994. DDHRE, UN Draft Declaration of Principles on Human Rights and the Environment (1994). DDRIP, UN Draft Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (formally adopted by the UN’s Working Group on Indigenous Populations in July 1994). DHRD, UN Declaration on the Human Right to Development (1986). DICED, Draft International Covenant on Environment and Development (1995) FAO-IUPGR, International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources (1987 version). FP, Non-Legally Binding Authoritative Statement of Principles for a Global Consensus on the Management, Conservation and Sustainable Development of All Types of Forests (1992) GATT, Final Document Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations (1994) — 120 members of the WTO as of April 1996. ICCPR, UN International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966) – 129 states parties as of 31 December 1994. ICESCR, UN International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) – 131 states parties as of 31 December 1994. ILO169, International Labour Organization Convention 169 Concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries (1989) – 11 states parties as of August 1996. NLs, national laws. RC, Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations (1961) – 47 states parties as of 31 December 1994. RD, Rio Declaration (1992). UDHR, Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). |
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| Unesco-CCP, Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (1970) – 79 states parties as of 1 January 1994. Unesco-F, Recommendations on the Safeguarding of Traditional Culture and Folklore (1989). Unesco-PICC, Declaration on the Principles of International Cultural Cooperation. Unesco-WHC, Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1972) – 135 states parties as of 1 January 1994. Unesco-WIPO, Model Provisions for National Laws on Protection of Expressions of Folklore Against Illicit Exploitation and Other Prejudicial Actions (1985) . UPOV, International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants Convention (1961, revised in 1972, 1978, and 1991) – 31 states parties as of 15 November 1996 (2 of the 1961 Convention, 26 of the 1978 Revision, and 3 of the 1991 Revision). VDPA, UN Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action (1993). WIPO, World Intellectual Property Organization (administers international IPR agreements, such as: the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883, revised most recently in 1967) – 139 states parties as of 19 September 1996; Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886, revised most recently in 1971) – 119 states parties as of 21 August 1994; Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Trademarks (1891, revised most recently in 1967) – 51 states parties as of 1 July 1996; Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration (1958, revised most recently in 1967) – 17 states parties as of 1 July 1996; Patent Cooperation Treaty (1970) – 87 states parties as of 19 September 1996. |
| Dr.Darrell Addison Posey |
| The Oxford Centre for the Environment, Ethics & Society |
| Mansfield College |
| University of Oxford |
| Oxford OX1 3 TF |
| United Kingdom |
| Phone/Fax: +44 (0)1865-284-665 |
| Email:
darrell.posey@mansfield.oxford.ac.uk |
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| Résumé Les lois nationaux et les accords internationaux concernant la connaissence autochtone: conflit ou conciliation? Cet article considère l'impact des Droits Intellectuels (DI) sur les peuples indigènes. Ceci est devenu un debat international avec les organisms tels que la Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) et d'autres (surtout organisé par l'ONU). La question est à qui appartiennent les droits aux technologies traditionnels et ressources biogenetiques? L'etablissment et la codification des DI servent à la fois de proteger les autochtones et menacer l'echange libres des idées qui est essentiel pour une grande partie de developpement (ceux qui peuvent bénéficer les autochtones). Egalement, les mechansims legaux et non-legaux ne sont pas suffisantes pour assurer l'egalité et la justesse des parteneriats entre autichtones et des sociétés ou des états. |
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